Diagram showing green and blue water fluxes: left side illustrates water movement in a landscape; right side shows world maps indicating regions of green water flux (top) and blue water flux (bottom) related to global water balance.

One Earth – Global patterns in water flux partitioning: Irrigated and rainfed agriculture drives asymmetrical flux to vegetation over runoff Graphical

A new study in the scientific journal ‘One Earth’ uses Machine Learning to model and show how the balance of freshwater flows varies across the Earth’s land surface. The results can be used to plan our future land and water use. The balance is particularly vulnerable under current and future climate change, as well as increasing food needs for a growing population.

The paper “Global patterns in water flux partitioning: irrigated and rainfed agriculture drives asymmetrical flux to vegetation over runoff,” by Digital Futures faculty member Gia Destouni and postdoc Daniel Althoff at Stockholm University, has just been published in One Earth.

Water on land is partitioned into a green flux that mainly sustains terrestrial ecosystems and societal food security and a blue flux that mainly sustains aquatic ecosystems and societal water security. The study shows that the green flux is mostly greater than the blue around the world. Expanding crops and irrigation to feed a growing human population will shift more blue water into green, exacerbating the blue water vulnerability to future climate change.

“These results are important to better plan and adapt our land use and balance between different freshwater flows to meet different water needs in society,” says Daniel Althoff from the Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University.

Picture of Gia Destouni“The global machine learning model we have developed in the study is a promising tool for predicting the availability of blue and green water under different future climate and land use scenarios around the world,” says Gia Destouni, Professor of Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Water Resources at the Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University.

Gia is also an Affiliated Professor of Engineering Hydrology at KTH Royal Institute of Technology and the Editor-In-Chief of Water Resources Research at the American Geophysical Union.

Althoff D., Destouni G., Global patterns in water flux partitioning: Irrigated and rainfed agriculture drives asymmetrical flux to vegetation over runoff, One Earth, 6(9), 1246-1257, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2023.08.002

Link to Graphical abstract, short description, highlights and Science for Society summary

Find out more in this article at Stockholm University: https://www.su.se/institutionen-for-naturgeografi/nyheter/viktigt-att-vi-lär-oss-balansera-mellan-olika-behov-av-sötvatten-1.674086

Contact:
Daniel Althoff
daniel.althoff@natgeo.su.se

Georgia (Gia) Destouni
georgia.destouni@natgeo.su.se 

More news

A large audience sits facing a stage where a woman speaks at the “digitalise in sthlm” event. The stage background displays a digital cityscape, and the venue has tall windows and a vaulted ceiling.

Digitalize in Sthlm ’25 Explores the Era of “AI Everywhere”

13/11/2025

Stockholm, 11 November 2025 – What happens when autonomous systems begin to act, learn, and decide...

A 2x2 grid of professional headshots featuring two men in the top row and one woman and one man in the bottom row, each smiling at the camera with their names labelled.

Four visionary Keynotes set to inspire at Digitalize in Sthlm 2025

06/11/2025

Digitalize in Sthlm returns this year with an exceptional lineup of keynote speakers exploring the frontiers...

A pilot wearing a helmet and oxygen mask sits in the cockpit of a fighter jet flying over the ocean, with three other jets visible ahead and to the sides in a clear blue sky.

Air Force Innovation in focus: Enhancing operational capabilities

30/10/2025

How does the Swedish Air Force use innovation and collaborate with academia, startups, and industry...

A man in a leather jacket and white shirt smiles in a modern lounge area with round tables, chairs, and yellow cushions. A colourful digital screen is displayed on a wood-panelled wall behind him.

Bridging High-Performance Computing and AI: Insights from Professor Allen D. Malony

24/10/2025

Professor Allen D. Malony, Scholar in Residence at Digital Futures (1 September 2025 – 28 January 2026), is...